Dear Ijeawele, or A Feminist Manifesto in Fifteen Suggestions

This book offers fifteen essential suggestions on how to raise a daughter to be a strong, independent, and empowered feminist.

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Author:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

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This guide begins with a simple yet profound truth: to raise an empowered daughter, you must first be an empowered person yourself. A child learns from example, so how you view and conduct your own life will profoundly shape hers. This means you must see yourself as a complete human being, whose identity is not solely defined by motherhood. Reject the notion that you must choose between a career and family. Whether you work because you love your job or for the confidence and financial independence it provides, your fulfillment is a gift to your child. It shows her that a woman’s life can be rich and multifaceted. Be kind to yourself, ask for help when you need it, and allow yourself to make mistakes. The idea of a mother “doing it all” is a myth built on the sexist assumption that childcare is exclusively a woman’s domain.

Parenting is a partnership, and it must be an equal one. This requires actively rejecting ingrained social norms that assign different roles to mothers and fathers. The biological argument for gender inequality is flimsy; aside from breastfeeding, there is no task a father cannot do. Society, however, has conditioned mothers to become the primary experts in child-rearing, which can unintentionally sideline fathers. It is crucial to let go of perfectionism and allow your partner to be a parent in his own way. The language we use matters immensely. A father isn’t “helping” or “babysitting” when he cares for his child; he is simply doing his job as a parent. Removing such language from your vocabulary is a small but powerful step toward true equality in the home.

From the moment she is born, you must teach your daughter to question and reject the restrictive nature of gender roles. These arbitrary rules begin with something as simple as color-coding clothes—pink for girls, blue for boys—and extend to the toys she is given. If she is fascinated by a helicopter instead of a doll, encouraging that interest could spark a passion for engineering. Don’t limit her potential by telling her some activities are for boys and others are for girls. Domestic skills like cooking and cleaning are not encoded in female DNA; they are life skills that everyone should learn. Instead of rewarding your daughter for being quiet and obedient, encourage her to be active, curious, and self-sufficient. See her as an individual, not just as a “girl” defined by a set of limiting expectations.

Be wary of a watered-down version of feminism that offers conditional equality. This “Feminism Lite” is dangerous because it justifies and perpetuates sexism under the guise of empowerment. It’s the idea that a woman can be powerful, but only if she hides it or operates “behind the scenes.” It’s the condescending language of a man “allowing” his successful wife to shine, as if her success is dependent on his permission. True feminism is about unconditional equality. It asserts that a woman’s power should not have to be disguised to be acceptable and that she shouldn’t be held to different standards than a man. Teach your daughter to recognize these subtle forms of misogyny, as they are just as harmful as overt sexism.

Language shapes our reality, so you must teach your daughter to be a critical thinker about the words she hears and uses. This can start with small things, like avoiding nicknames such as “princess,” which comes with baggage about being delicate and passive. Challenge old sayings that reinforce the idea that a woman’s ultimate goal is marriage. When explaining complex topics like sexism, use everyday examples. Point out double standards—how a man who is ambitious is seen as a leader, while an ambitious woman is often called bossy. This will equip her to identify the subtle ways language is used to put women down and to understand that she is important in her own right, not just in relation to the men in her life.

In a world that often teaches girls that their primary purpose is to find love and get married, you must offer a different perspective. This relentless focus on marriage creates an unequal dynamic from the start, where the relationship often matters far more to the woman than to the man. Teach your daughter that marriage is a choice, not an achievement. More importantly, teach her that love should be a partnership of equals, something she both gives and receives. She should never feel that she has to shrink herself or sacrifice her ambitions to be loved. A man should be a part of her life, not the center of it, just as she will be a part of his.

Help your daughter cultivate a robust sense of self that isn’t dependent on the approval of others. Teach her that she doesn’t have to make herself likable at the expense of her true thoughts and feelings. The pressure to always be “nice” can be dangerous, as it discourages girls from speaking up when something is wrong. From a young age, teach her about consent, starting with the simple idea that her body and her belongings are her own. Encourage her to embrace her cultural heritage, celebrating its beauty while also giving her the tools to critically examine and reject its harmful or sexist traditions. Surround her with positive role models of all genders who defy traditional stereotypes, showing her that a person’s interests and abilities have nothing to do with their gender.

Approach the topic of her appearance with care and intention. Let her know that feminism and femininity are not enemies; she can love makeup and fashion and still be a fierce feminist. The shame often associated with these interests is a product of misogyny. The goal is to detach appearance from morality. A short skirt is just a short skirt; it says nothing about her character. In a world that promotes a very narrow standard of beauty, actively show her diverse representations of beauty so she understands that her worth is not tied to how well she fits a conventional mold. The most important thing is that she knows her appearance is her choice and her business alone.

Finally, you must provide her with the tools to understand sexuality and the world’s diversity. Talk about sex openly, honestly, and without shame. Use the proper biological terms for body parts to normalize them from a young age. While it’s important to discuss the consequences like pregnancy and infections, it is equally important to talk about the emotional intimacy and beauty of a healthy sexual relationship. Remove shame from conversations about menstruation; it is a normal biological process, not something to be hidden. As she grows, teach her that difference is the default state of the world. She should learn to accept and respect people who are different from her, not merely tolerate them. Teach her about oppression without making saints of the oppressed. People don’t have to be perfect to deserve dignity and equality. We are all human, capable of both good and bad, and everyone is entitled to basic human rights.

Tips, challenges, and laughs for every parenting stage.

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